Carbocisteine

Oral
Mucolytic

Should be taken with food.

Active peptic or duodenal ulcer. Children <2 years.

Patient with history of gastroduodenal ulcers, chronic bronchial asthma, respiratory failure. Patients taking concomitant medicines known to cause gastrointestinal bleeding. Not recommended to be concomitantly used with antitussives and/or medicines that dry up bronchial secretions. Children (≥2 years) and elderly. Pregnancy and lactation.

Significant: Gastrointestinal bleeding.
Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, epigastric discomfort.
Immune system disorders: Anaphylactic reactions, fixed drug eruption.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash. Rarely, bullous dermatitis (e.g. Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme).

Symptoms: Gastrointestinal disturbances such as gastralgia, nausea, and vomiting. Management: Supportive treatment. May perform gastric lavage, then closely observe the patient.

Description:
Mechanism of Action: Carbocisteine is a mucolytic agent. The mucoregulatory mechanism of carbocisteine is not completely understood. It has been shown to reduce goblet cell hyperplasia, therefore plays a role in the management of disorders characterised by abnormal mucus.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability: <10%. Time to peak plasma concentration: Approx 2 hours (range: 1-3 hours).
Distribution: Penetrates into the lung tissue and respiratory mucus. Volume of distribution: Approx 60-105 L.
Metabolism: Metabolised via acetylation, decarboxylation, and sulfoxidation.
Excretion: Via urine (as unchanged drug and metabolites). Elimination half-life: 1.87 hours (range: 1.4-2.5 hours).

Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 193653, Carbocysteine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Carbocysteine. Accessed Mar. 29, 2022.

Syrup/oral solution: Store below 25°C. Tab/cap: Store below 30°C.

Thuốc ho & cảm

R05CB03 - carbocisteine ; Belongs to the class of mucolytics. Used in the treatment of wet cough.

Anon. Carbocisteine. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 01/03/2022.

Buckingham R (ed). Carbocisteine. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 01/03/2022.

Carbocisteine 250 mg/5 mL Oral Solution (ROMA Pharmaceuticals Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 16/03/2022.

Carbocisteine 375 mg Capsule Hard (Manx Healthcare Ltd). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 01/03/2022.

Joint Formulary Committee. Carbocisteine. British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 01/03/2022.

Mucodyne 250 mg/5 mL Syrup; Paediatric Syrup (Aventis Pharma Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 01/03/2022.

Pabron Cough Kids Syrup (Xepa-Soul Pattinson [M] Sdn Bhd). National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency - Ministry of Health Malaysia. https://www.npra.gov.my. Accessed 01/03/2022.

Pabron Cough Tablet (Xepa-Soul Pattinson [M] Sdn Bhd). National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency - Ministry of Health Malaysia. https://www.npra.gov.my. Accessed 01/03/2022.

Rhinathiol Adult Syrup (Sanofi-Aventis Singapore Pte Ltd). MIMS Singapore. http://www.mims.com/singapore. Accessed 01/03/2022.

Rhinathiol Children Syrup (Sanofi-Aventis Singapore Pte Ltd). MIMS Singapore. http://www.mims.com/singapore. Accessed 01/03/2022.