Adult: As powder for oral inhalation: 10 mg (2 inhalations) bid for 5 days via inhalation device. Initiate treatment within 48 hours after onset of symptoms. Child: As powder for oral inhalation: ≥5 years 10 mg (2 inhalations) bid for 5 days via inhalation device. Initiate treatment within 36 hours after onset of symptoms. Dosing recommendations may vary among individual products and between countries (refer to specific product guidelines).
Inhalation/Respiratory Prophylaxis of influenza A and B
Adult: As powder for oral inhalation: Household or close contact exposure: 10 mg (2 inhalations) once daily for 10 days via inhalation device. Community outbreak: 10 mg (2 inhalations) once daily for up to 28 days via inhalation device. Initiate treatment within 36 hours of exposure. Child: ≥5 years Same as adult dose. Dosing recommendations may vary among individual products and between countries (refer to specific product guidelines).
Intravenous Influenza A and B
Adult: In patients with complicated and potentially life-threatening infection, resistant and/or unsuitable to other treatments: 600 mg bid for 5-10 days, via infusion over 30 minutes. Initiate treatment within 6 days of the onset of symptoms. Child: In patients with complicated and potentially life-threatening infection, resistant and/or unsuitable to other treatments: As zanamivir hydrate: 6 months to <6 years 14 mg/kg bid. ≥6 years 12 mg/kg bid; max: 600 mg bid. All doses are given via infusion over 30 minutes. Treatment duration: 5-10 days.
Suy thận
Intravenous Patients on intermittent haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, dose is given after dialysis session.
Adult and children ≥6 years weighing ≥50 kg:
CrCl (mL/min)
Dosage
<15
Initially, 600 mg followed by 60 mg bid, to be started 48 hours after initial dose.
15-<30
Initially, 600 mg followed by 150 mg bid, to be started 24 hours after initial dose.
30-<50
Initially, 600 mg followed by 250 mg bid, to be started 12 hours after initial dose.
50-<80
Initially, 600 mg followed by 400 mg bid, to be started 12 hours after initial dose.
6 years to <18 years weighing <50 kg:
CrCl (mL/min)
Dosage
<15
Initially, 12 mg/kg followed by 1.2 mg/kg bid, to be started 48 hours after initial dose.
15-<30
Initially, 12 mg/kg followed by 3 mg/kg bid, to be started 24 hours after initial dose.
30-<50
Initially, 12 mg/kg followed by 5 mg/kg bid, to be started 12 hours after initial dose.
50-<80
Initially, 12 mg/kg followed by 8 mg/kg bid, to be started 12 hours after initial dose.
6 months to <6 years weighing ≥42.8 kg:
CrCl (mL/min)
Dosage
<15
Initially, 600 mg followed by 60 mg bid, to be started 48 hours after initial dose.
15-<30
Initially, 600 mg followed by 150 mg bid, to be started 24 hours after initial dose.
30-<50
Initially, 600 mg followed by 250 mg bid, to be started 12 hours after initial dose.
50-<80
Initially, 600 mg followed by 400 mg bid, to be started 12 hours after initial dose.
6 months to <6 years weighing <42.8 kg:
CrCl (mL/min)
Dosage
<15
Initially, 14 mg/kg mg followed by 1.4 mg/kg bid, to
be started 48 hours after initial dose.
15-<30
Initially, 14 mg/kg followed by 3.5 mg/kg bid, to be
started 24 hours after initial dose.
30-<50
Initially, 14 mg/kg followed by 5.8 mg/kg bid, to be
started 12 hours after initial dose.
50-<80
Initially, 14 mg/kg followed by 9.3 mg/kg bid, to be
started 12 hours after initial dose.
Hướng dẫn pha thuốc
IV infusion: May infuse undiluted or dilute in 0.9% NaCl inj to a final concentration of ≥0.2 mg/mL.
Chống chỉ định
Hypersensitivity.
Thận trọng
Patient with underlying respiratory disease (e.g. severe asthma, persistent asthma, severe COPD), unstable chronic illness. Immunocompromised, nursing home patients. Not a substitute for influenza vaccination. Renal impairment (IV). Children. Pregnancy and lactation.
Monitor for behavioural changes. Evaluate benefits and risks of continuing treatment. Monitor respiratory function.
Tương tác
May decrease the therapeutic effect of live or attenuated influenza virus vaccine.
Tác dụng
Description: Mechanism of Action: Zanamivir selectively inhibits influenza virus neuraminidase surface enzyme, thus potentially altering the virus particle aggregation and release. It reduces reproduction of both influenza A and B viruses by suppressing the release of infective influenza virions from the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability: 2% (oral). Time to peak plasma concentration: 1-2 hours (inhalation). Distribution: Widely deposited throughout the respiratory tract after oral inhalation. Volume of distribution: Approx 16 L. Plasma protein binding: <10%. Excretion: Via urine (as unchanged drug); faeces (unabsorbed drug). Elimination half-life: 2.5-5.1 hours (oral inhalation); approx 2-3 hours (IV).
Đặc tính
Zanamivir Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 60855, Zanamivir. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Zanamivir. Accessed July 27, 2021.
Bảo quản
Powder for oral inhalation: Store below 30°C. Solution for infusion: Store diluted solution between 2-8°C for up to 24 hours.
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