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Acute severe bronchospasm
Adult: Individualise dosing based on serum theophylline levels; use ideal body weight to calculate dose. As an adjunct to inhaled β2-selective agonists and systemic corticosteroids: In patients who have not received theophylline or other xanthine-containing medications in the past 24 hours: Loading dose: 4.6 mg/kg via IV infusion over 30 minutes. Maintenance dose: 0.4 mg/kg/hour. Max: 900 mg daily (unless serum levels indicate a need for larger dose). Dosing recommendations are designed to achieve approx 10 mcg/mL serum levels. In patients who have received theophylline or other xanthine-containing medications, serum theophylline concentration must be measured to determine a loading dose. Recommendations may vary among countries (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Elderly: Individualise dosing based on serum theophylline levels; use ideal body weight to calculate dose. In patients who have not had theophylline or other xanthine-containing medications in the past 24 hours: Loading dose: 4.6 mg/kg via IV infusion over 30 minutes. Maintenance dose: 0.3 mg/kg/hour. Max: 400 mg daily (unless serum concentrations indicate a need for larger dose). Dosing recommendations are designed to achieve approx 10 mcg/mL serum levels.
Child: Individualise dosing based on serum theophylline levels; use ideal body weight to calculate dose. In patients who have not had theophylline or other xanthine-containing medications in the past 24 hours: Loading dose: 4.6 mg/kg via IV infusion over 30 minutes. Maintenance dose: Infants 4-6 weeks 1.5 mg/kg 12 hourly; 6-52 weeks Calculate dose based on the equation: Dose (mg/kg/hour) = (0.008 x age in weeks) + 0.21; Children 1-<9 years 0.8 mg/kg/hour; 9-<12 years 0.7 mg/kg/hour; 12-<16 years 0.5 mg/kg/hour (Max: 900 mg daily, unless serum theophylline levels indicate a need for larger dose); ≥16 years Same as adult dose. Dosing recommendations are designed to achieve approx 10 mcg/mL serum levels. In patients who have received theophylline or other xanthine-containing medications, serum theophylline concentration must be measured to determine a loading dose. Recommendations may vary among countries (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Elderly: Individualise dosing based on serum theophylline levels; use ideal body weight to calculate dose. In patients who have not had theophylline or other xanthine-containing medications in the past 24 hours: Loading dose: 4.6 mg/kg via IV infusion over 30 minutes. Maintenance dose: 0.3 mg/kg/hour. Max: 400 mg daily (unless serum concentrations indicate a need for larger dose). Dosing recommendations are designed to achieve approx 10 mcg/mL serum levels.
Child: Individualise dosing based on serum theophylline levels; use ideal body weight to calculate dose. In patients who have not had theophylline or other xanthine-containing medications in the past 24 hours: Loading dose: 4.6 mg/kg via IV infusion over 30 minutes. Maintenance dose: Infants 4-6 weeks 1.5 mg/kg 12 hourly; 6-52 weeks Calculate dose based on the equation: Dose (mg/kg/hour) = (0.008 x age in weeks) + 0.21; Children 1-<9 years 0.8 mg/kg/hour; 9-<12 years 0.7 mg/kg/hour; 12-<16 years 0.5 mg/kg/hour (Max: 900 mg daily, unless serum theophylline levels indicate a need for larger dose); ≥16 years Same as adult dose. Dosing recommendations are designed to achieve approx 10 mcg/mL serum levels. In patients who have received theophylline or other xanthine-containing medications, serum theophylline concentration must be measured to determine a loading dose. Recommendations may vary among countries (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Oral
Acute bronchospasm
Adult: Individualise dosing based on serum theophylline levels; use ideal body weight to calculate dose. As temporary measure if inhaled or parenteral β2-adrenergic agonist is not available for patients who have not received theophylline or other xanthine-containing medications in the past 24 hours: As conventional oral solution: Loading dose: 5 mg/kg as a single dose, to produce an average of 10 mcg/mL peak serum theophylline concentration. Recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Elderly: Dose reduction may be required.
Child: Loading dose: Same as adult dose.
Elderly: Dose reduction may be required.
Child: Loading dose: Same as adult dose.
Oral
Chronic bronchospasm
Adult: Individualise dosing based on serum theophylline levels. For treatment and prophylaxis of reversible bronchospasm associated with chronic asthma and other chronic lung diseases (e.g. chronic bronchitis, emphysema): As conventional oral solution: Initially, 300 mg daily in divided doses 6-8 hourly; after 3 days, if tolerated, may increase to 400 mg daily in divided doses 6-8 hourly; and then after 3 more days, if needed and tolerated, may increase to 600 mg daily in divided doses 6-8 hourly. As modified-release tab: Initially, 200-300 mg 12 hourly, may be increased by 50-100 mg 12 hourly with intervals of 3 days until satisfactory response is achieved or toxicity occurs. For modified-release preparations given once daily, usual doses are 400 mg or 600 mg once daily. Dosage recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Elderly: Dose reduction may be required.
Child: Individualise dosing based on serum theophylline levels; use ideal body weight to calculate dose. For treatment and prophylaxis of reversible bronchospasm associated with chronic asthma and other chronic lung diseases (e.g. chronic bronchitis, emphysema): As conventional oral solution: Infants Calculate dose based on the equation: Total daily dose (mg/day) = [(0.2 x age in weeks) + 5] x (weight in kg). Dosing interval depends on age: ≤26 weeks Divide into 3 equal doses administered at 8-hour intervals; >26 weeks Divide into 4 equal doses administered at 6-hour intervals. Children 1-15 years weighing ≤45 kg: Initially, 12-14 mg/kg daily in divided doses 4-6 hourly (Max: 300 mg daily); after 3 days, if tolerated, may increase to 16 mg/kg daily in divided doses 4-6 hourly (Max: 400 mg daily); after 3 more days, if needed and tolerated, may increase to 20 mg/kg daily in divided doses 4-6 hourly (Max: 600 mg daily); >45 kg: Same as adult dose. As modified-release tab: Up to 10 mg/kg 12 hourly. Dosage and treatment recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
Elderly: Dose reduction may be required.
Child: Individualise dosing based on serum theophylline levels; use ideal body weight to calculate dose. For treatment and prophylaxis of reversible bronchospasm associated with chronic asthma and other chronic lung diseases (e.g. chronic bronchitis, emphysema): As conventional oral solution: Infants Calculate dose based on the equation: Total daily dose (mg/day) = [(0.2 x age in weeks) + 5] x (weight in kg). Dosing interval depends on age: ≤26 weeks Divide into 3 equal doses administered at 8-hour intervals; >26 weeks Divide into 4 equal doses administered at 6-hour intervals. Children 1-15 years weighing ≤45 kg: Initially, 12-14 mg/kg daily in divided doses 4-6 hourly (Max: 300 mg daily); after 3 days, if tolerated, may increase to 16 mg/kg daily in divided doses 4-6 hourly (Max: 400 mg daily); after 3 more days, if needed and tolerated, may increase to 20 mg/kg daily in divided doses 4-6 hourly (Max: 600 mg daily); >45 kg: Same as adult dose. As modified-release tab: Up to 10 mg/kg 12 hourly. Dosage and treatment recommendations may vary among countries and between individual products (refer to local or specific product guidelines).
