Dosage/Direction for Use
Oral Urinary tract infections Adult: 2 g as a single dose once a wk. Renal impairment: Dose reduction may be needed. Hepatic impairment: Dose reduction may be needed. Oral Respiratory tract infections Adult: 2 g as a single dose once a wk. Renal impairment: Dose reduction may be needed. Hepatic impairment: Dose reduction may be needed. Oral Malaria Adult: As combination of sulfalene 500 mg and pyrimethamine 25 mg per tablet: 3 tablets as a single dose. |
Contraindications
Severe renal or hepatic failure; blood disorders; hypersensitivity to sulfonamides; acute porphyria; SLE. Pregnancy (3rd trimester) and lactation; infants ≤2 mth.
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Special Precautions
Renal or hepatic impairment; history of allergy or asthma; AIDS; G6PD deficiency (at risk of haemolytic reactions); elderly; ensure adequate fluid intake to reduce risk of crystalluria. Discontinue if rash occurs.
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Adverse Reactions
Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhoea, hypersensitivity reactions, SLE, serum sickness-like syndrome, liver necrosis and hepatomegaly, myocarditis, pulmonary eosinophilia and fibrosing alveolitis, vasculitis, hypoglycaemia, hypothyroidism, neurological reactions, jaundice and kernicterus in premature neonates. Pseudomembranous colitis.
Potentially Fatal: Blood dyscrasias, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, anaphylaxis. |
Drug Interactions
Potentiates effects of oral anticoagulants, methotrexate, phenytoin. Increased risk of crystalluria with compounds that render the urine acidic.
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Lab Interference
Interference with tests for urea, creatinine, urinary glucose and urobilinogen.
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Action
Sulfalene is a long-acting sulfonamide also known as sulfametopyrazine. It interferes with the synthesis of nucleic acids in sensitive organisms by blocking the conversion of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to the co-enzyme dihydrofolic acid. Its action is bacteriostatic, although bactericidal effects may be exerted where concentrations of thymine are low in the surrounding medium.
Absorption: Readily absorbed from GI tract. Distribution: Protein binding: 60-80%. Metabolism: 5% of dose metabolised to acetyl derivative. Excretion: Excreted slowly via urine. Biological half life: 60-65 hr. |
CIMS Class
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ATC Classification
J01ED02 - sulfalene ; Belongs to the class of long-acting sulfonamides. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.
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