The metabolism of budesonide is primarily mediated by CYP3A, a subfamily of cytochrome P450. Inhibitors of this enzyme e.g. ketoconazole and itraconazole, can therefore increase systemic exposure to budesonide. This is of limited clinical importance for short-term (1-2 weeks) treatment with CYP3A inhibitors, but should be taken into consideration during long-term treatment.
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