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Pharmacology: Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is active against staphylococci including Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococci including Streptococcus pyogenis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae, viridans group, Streptococcus bovis and enterococci, Clostridium difficile and diphtheroids. Other organisms that are sensitive in vitro to Vancomycin are Listeria monocytogenes, Lactobacillus sp., Actinomyces sp., Clostridium sp., and Bacillus sp. Mechanism of action by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis in different places with penicillin and cephalosporins by binding strongly to the precursor of the D-alanyl-D-alanine cell wall.
Vancomycin can alter the permeability of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and selectively inhibit RNA synthesis.
