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Pharmacology: Piracetam is a nootropic agent, which improves directly the efficiency of the higher functions of the brain involved in cognitive processes such as those related to learning, memory though and consciousness, both in normal and deficient situations.
Piracetam modulates brain neurotransmission, promotes metabolic conditions for learning and memory retention.
Effects on cerebral neurotransmission: Piracetam increases synthesis of neurotransmitters in the brain.
Piracetam improves microcirculation by various rheological properties such as: enhanced red blood cell elasticity, reduced red blood adhesivity and aggregability, reduced platelet aggregation, enhanced phagocytosis and respiratory burst of neutrophils, prevention and inhibition of cerebral vasospasms.
Controlled studies in children presenting with developmental dyslexia have shown that Piracetam improves reading fluency and the capacity to comprehend the read matter.
Piracetam improves the ability to execute tasks after different brain aggressions such as hypoxia, intoxications, electroshock therapy.
Piracetam reduces the duration of a provoked vestibular nystagmus.
Piracetam improves cerebral flow and cerebral metabolic rates of oxygen and glucose in multi-dementia patients.
Piracetam improves the regional cerebral blood flow as well as the regional glucose consumption, without affecting blood flow and glucose consumption in the regions with normal perfusion, and inhibits hyperaggregability of activated platelets in patients presenting with acute cerebral ischemia.
Following oral dose, the peak plasma concentrations of Piracetam are achieved within 45 to 60 minutes. It is not metabolized and is excreted unchanged in urine. Half-life is 4 to 5 hours. Renal clearance of Piracetam is 80 mL/minute.
