Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics: Pantoprazole is rapidly absorbed and peak plasma concentrations are achieved about 2 to 2.5 hours after an oral dose. The oral bioavailability is about 77% with enteric-coated tablet formulation, and does not vary after single or multiple doses. Pantoprazole is about 98% bound to plasma proteins. It is extensively metabolised in the liver, primarily by cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP2C19, to demethylpantoprazole; small amounts are also metabolised by CYP3A4, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Metabolites are excreted mainly (about 80%) in the urine, with the remainder being excreted in faeces via the bile. The terminal elimination half-life is about 1 hour, and is prolonged in hepatic impairment; the half-life in patients with cirrhosis is 3 to 6 hours. Although the elimination half-life has been reported to be 3.5 to 10 hours in slow metabolisers, minimal accumulation occurs with once daily dosing.
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