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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Flunarizine is the difluorinated derivative of cinnarizine. It has antihistamine, sedative, and calcium-channel blocking activity. It is thought to inhibit calcium ion entry through select voltage-sensitive areas termed "slow channels" across cell membranes. Flunarizine acts on vascular smooth muscle.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Flunarizine is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, peak plasma concentrations occurring 2 to 4 hours after oral doses.
Distribution: Flunarizine is very lipophilic. Its plasma protein binding is 99%.
Metabolism: Flunarizine appears to undergo extensive metabolism.
Elimination: Flunarizine has an elimination half-life of about 18 - 19 days. Metabolites are excreted principally in the bile. Within first 48 hours after administration, flunarizine is eliminated in the feces as parent drug and metabolite less than 6% and less than 0.2% is excreted via renal.
