Alprazolam: Indication, Dosage, Side Effect, Precaution

Generic Medicine Info Full Generic Medicine Info

Dosage/Direction for Use Administration Contraindications Special Precautions Adverse Reactions Pregnancy Category (US FDA) Overdosage Drug Interactions Food Interaction Action Storage CIMS Class ATC Classification

This information is not country-specific. Please refer to the India prescribing information.

Generic Medicine Info

Administration

May be taken with or without food. Side effects eg sleepiness/drowsiness may be reduced if taken immediately after meals.

Contraindications

Severe respiratory insufficiency, myasthenia gravis, sleep apnoea syndrome. Acute narrow-angle glaucoma. Severe hepatic impairment. Lactation. Concomitant use with strong CYP3A inhibitors, except ritonavir.

Special Precautions

Patient with depression or suicidal ideation, respiratory disease, history of alcohol or drug abuse. Debilitated patients or those with concomitant illness. Patients taking opioids or ritonavir. Avoid abrupt withdrawal. Renal and mild to moderate hepatic impairment. Elderly. Pregnancy. Patient Counselling This drug may impair cognitive and motor functions, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery. Monitoring Parameters Monitor respiratory and CV status. Assess patients for risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction. Monitor for signs and symptoms of respiratory depression and sedation.

Adverse Reactions

Significant: Anterograde amnesia, restlessness, agitation, irritability, aggressiveness, delusion, rages, nightmares, hallucinations, psychoses, inappropriate behaviour, physical and emotional dependence. Eye disorders: Blurred vision. Gastrointestinal disorders: Dry mouth, constipation, nausea, increased salivation. General disorders and administration site conditions: Fatigue, lethargy. Investigations: Increased or decreased weight. Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Decreased appetite. Nervous system disorders: Sedation, somnolence, ataxia, memory impairment, dysarthria, dizziness, headache, balance disorder, abnormal coordination, tremors. Psychiatric disorders: Depression, confusional state, disorientation, anxiety, insomnia, hypersomnia, nervousness, disturbance in attention. Reproductive system and breast disorders: Increased or decreased libido, sexual dysfunction. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Dermatitis. Vascular disorders: Hypotension.

Pregnancy Category (US FDA)

Drug Interactions

Additive CNS depressant effects with other psychotropic drugs, anticonvulsants, anaesthetics, antihistamines and other drugs that produce CNS depression. Increased plasma concentrations with nefazodone, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, oral contraceptives, diltiazem, macrolide antibiotics (e.g. erythromycin, clarithromycin), and cimetidine. Decreased plasma concentrations with CYP3A4 inducers (e.g. carbamazepine, phenytoin). May increase the concentration of digoxin.

CIMS Class

Anxiolytics

ATC Classification

N05BA12 - alprazolam ; Belongs to the class of benzodiazepine derivatives anxiolytics. Used in the management of anxiety, agitation or tension.

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