Hydrochlorothiazide

Should be taken with food.

Hypersensitivity to sulfonamide-derived drugs. Anuria.

Patient with fluid or electrolyte imbalance, Addison's disease, ascites due to cirrhosis, prediabetes or diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolaemia, bronchial asthma, SLE, gout. Postoperative period after bariatric surgery. Hepatic and severe renal impairment. Children and elderly. Pregnancy and lactation. Patient Counselling This medicine may cause photosensitivity reactions, avoid exposure to direct sunlight and UV light and apply sunscreen when going outdoors. Monitoring Parameters Monitor serum electrolytes (e.g. Na, K), blood pressure, BUN, creatinine. Assess skin for photosensitivity and skin cancer; visual acuity and ocular pain.

Significant: Skin photosensitivity; increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancer, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma; electrolyte imbalance (e.g. hyponatraemia, hypochloraemic alkalosis, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia, hypercalcaemia), hyperuricaemia, hyperglycaemia, SLE exacerbation or activation, hypersensitivity reactions. Rarely, acute transient myopia, acute angle-closure glaucoma. Blood and lymphatic system disorders: Leucopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia. Eye disorders: Blurred vision (transient), xanthopsia. Gastrointestinal disorders: Gastric irritation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, constipation, pancreatitis, sialoadenitis. General disorders and administration site conditions: Weakness. Hepatobiliary disorders: Jaundice. Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Anorexia. Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Muscle spasm. Nervous system disorders: Dizziness, vertigo, paraesthesia, headache. Renal and urinary disorders: Renal dysfunction, interstitial nephritis, glycosuria. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Alopecia, skin rash, toxic epidermal necrolysis, urticaria. Vascular disorders: Hypotension, orthostatic, hypotension.

May reduce renal clearance and enhance the toxic effect of lithium. Potentiation of orthostatic hypotension with alcohol, barbiturates, or narcotics. May reduce therapeutic effect of antidiabetics. Additive effect with other antihypertensive drugs. Reduced absorption with cholestyramine and colestipol resins. Enhanced hypokalaemic effect with corticosteroids, ACTH. May decrease arterial response to pressor amines (e.g. norepinephrine). May increase response to neuromuscular blocking action of skeletal muscle relaxants (e.g. tubocurarine).

Diuretics

C03AA03 - hydrochlorothiazide ; Belongs to the class of low-ceiling thiazide diuretics.