Midazolam

May be taken with or without food.

Acute narrow-angle glaucoma, severe respiratory insufficiency, severe respiratory failure, acute respiratory depression, myasthenia gravis, sleep apnoea syndrome; severe hepatic impairment (oral). Concomitant use with CYP3A4 inhibitors.

Patient with uncompensated acute illnesses (e.g. severe fluid or electrolyte disturbances), CV disease (e.g. heart failure), respiratory disease (e.g. COPD), history of alcohol or drug abuse; at risk of falls; obese, debilitated. Avoid abrupt withdrawal. Renal and hepatic impairment. Neonates, children, and elderly. Pregnancy and lactation. Patient Counselling This drug may cause sedation, amnesia, impaired concentration and muscular function, if affected, do not drive or operate machinery. Monitoring Parameters Monitor the level of sedation, respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation (e.g. pulse oximetry), vital signs.

Significant: Anterograde amnesia, CNS depression, hypotension, paradoxical reactions (e.g. hyperactive or aggressive behaviour), suicidal ideation, withdrawal symptoms. Cardiac disorders: Bradycardia, tachycardia. Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, dry mouth, hiccups. General disorders and administration site conditions: Fatigue, inj site reactions (e.g. erythema, pain, phlebitis, thrombosis). Injury, poisoning and procedural complications: Falls, fractures. Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Muscle weakness. Nervous system disorders: Sedation (prolonged and post-operative), decreased alertness, somnolence, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, ataxia. Psychiatric disorders: Confusion, euphoric mood, depression, hallucinations, physical drug dependence, withdrawal syndrome. Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Dyspnoea, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, cough. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash, urticaria, pruritus.
Potentially Fatal: Cardiorespiratory effects (e.g. respiratory depression, respiratory arrest, apnoea, cardiac arrest).

Decreased plasma concentration with CYP3A4 inducers (e.g. rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenytoin). Potentiate the action of antipsychotics, barbiturates, propofol, ketamine, sedative antidepressants, antihistamines and centrally acting antihypertensive drugs.

Hypnotics & Sedatives

N05CD08 - midazolam ; Belongs to the class of benzodiazepine derivatives. Used as hypnotics and sedatives.