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Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mechanism of Action: Metformin HCl is an antihyperglycemic agent which improves glucose tolerance in patients with type 2 diabetes or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), lowering both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. Metformin HCl decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption, Bioavailability and Elimination: The absolute bioavailability of a metformin HCl 500-mg tablet given under fasting condition is approximately 50-60%. Absorption of metformin HCl occurs mainly from the small intestine. It is stable and does not bind to plasma proteins. It is excreted in the urine apparently unchanged.
