Veflox Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mechanism of action: Levofloxacin inhibits DNA-gyrase in susceptible organisms thereby inhibits relaxation of the supercoiled DNA and promotes breakage of DNA standards. DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II), is an essential bacterial enzyme that maintains the superhelical structure of DNA and is required for DNA replication and transcription, DNA repair, recombination, and transposition.
500 mg: Levofloxacin has been shown to be active against various strains of microorganisms in clinical infections as described in Indications/Uses.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Levofloxacin is rapidly absorbed from the GI tract and absolute bioavailability is approximately 99%. Peak plasma concentrations are usually attained 1-2 hours after oral dose; steady state plasma concentrations are attained within 48 hours with once-daily regimens.
Distribution: Levofloxacin is approximately 24% to 38% bound to serum proteins primarily albumin.
500 mg: The mean volume of distribution of levofloxacin generally ranges from 74 to 112 L; CSF concentrations ~15% of serum levels; high concentrations are achieved in prostate, lung, and gynecological tissues, sinus, saliva.
750 mg: Levofloxacin is widely distributed into body tissues and fluids, including skin, blister fluid, and lungs. Levofloxacin is distributed into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The drug is distributed into milk following oral administration.
Metabolism: 500 mg: Levofloxacin is minimally metabolized by liver.
750 mg: Levofloxacin undergoes limited metabolism to inactive metabolites. The drug is not metabolized by cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isoenzymes.
Excretion: Levofloxacin is eliminated principally as unchanged drug in urine by glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. The terminal elimination half-life of levofloxacin is approximately 6-8 hours after oral administration.
500 mg: Approximately 87% of an oral dose is eliminated in urine within 48 hours, whereas less than 4% of dose was recovered in feces in 72 hours. Less than 5% of an administered dose was recovered in urine as the metabolites.
750 mg: Approximately 87% of an oral dose is eliminated in urine and less than 4% is eliminated in feces.